Hi @MichelleRod, thanks for your post. This is an Illustration question. Let's first assess "the state of affairs described by the philosopher."
The philosopher points out that new developments have led to the creation of effective tests for fatal genetic diseases. This means that people can have advance warning of these life-threatening conditions, for the first time in human history. Yet medicine cannot prevent these conditions, and for some people, knowing about the possibility of such diseases (those that are both fatal and incurable) can be quite harmful. And this, in turn, "raises the question whether such 'early warning' tests should be made available at all."
All right. Answer choice (B) states: the advance of medicine creates new contexts in which ethical dilemmas can arise. Yes, this statement is illustrated by the state of affairs described by the philosopher.
Answer choice (A) is incorrect because the philosopher's real point is the (ethical) dilemmas that may arise thanks to advances in medicine--not that medicine cannot solve all problems.
Does that make sense?
Hope this helps! Please let us know if you have any additional questions.
