The paragraph beginning in line (42) discusses the advantages of "broadening the scope of such studies" by giving an example of a study where a broad definition of "medical practitioner" yielded a more inclusive picture of how many women were practicing medicine in London during medical times.
Beginning in line 53, the author writes "the evidence contrasts strikingly with that of Gottfried, whose earlier survey idenfitied only 28 women medical practitioners in in all of England between 1330 and 1530."
The direct contrast between Gottfried's study and the study with a broader definition of "medical practitioner" is what clues us into the fact that Gottfried defined "medical practitioner" narrowly, as it says in answer choice E
