Which one of the following is most closely analogous to the error the author believes historians make when they equat...

Samantha-Alexis May 19, 2019

Analogy Question

I narrowed the answer choices down to B and D, but ultimately chose D, which is incorrect. I chose D because to me the analogy had more of a negative connotation, which I thought was more correct with the passage analogy because it seems negative that women were only good enough to be midwives, where as men were the physicians, surgeons, etc. So, what makes answer B more correct than answer choice D?

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Ravi May 20, 2019

@Samantha-Alexis,

Great question. Let's take a look at (B) and (D).

(D) says, "equating member with nonmember"

For this question, we're looking for an answer choice that addresses
the part-to-whole error that the author thinks the historians made.
Nonmember to member doesn't have a part-to-whole component due to the
fact that members and nonmembers are opposites. As a result, we can
get rid of (D).

(B) says, "equating science with biology"

The historians are making the assumption that midwifery (one part of
the medical field) encompasses the totality of women's roles within
medicine. However, midwifery is simply one of many different kinds of
female medical practitioners. Likewise, biology is merely one type of
science. This is why (B) is the correct answer choice.

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