The author uses the word "immediacy" (line 39) most likely in order to express

Sona on May 16, 2020

No Statements Clarification

In the explanation for no statements, when discussing "not both", one of the valid statements was not LA and not NY. Can that be applied to just "no" statements as well, or is it exclusive to either "not both" statements or examples that are location-based?

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SamA on May 16, 2020

Hello @Sona,

Yes, it can be applied to "no" statements. I will give you an example to explain.

"No fish has opposable thumbs."
F ---> not OT
OT ---> not F

You are asking if it is possible for an animal to exist that is not a fish, and does not have opposable thumbs. It is possible! Consider the diagram above. If I am told that an animal is not a fish (not F), is there anything that we can conclude from that? No, because (not F) is our necessary condition in the contrapositive. Necessary conditions do not lead to anything. It tells us nothing about opposable thumbs. This animal may or may not have them.

In short, (not OT) and (not F) is possible.