Thanks for the question! So (B) and (D) are pretty tricky, and there’s a very subtle difference between the two that differentiates them. Let’s take a look at the original stimulus: government spends $500M more promoting highway safety than it spends on combating cigarette smoking. But more people die from smoking than highway accidents, so the government would save lives by shifting funds from highway safety programs to antismoking programs.
Let’s make this a bit more abstract. Entity E spends more resources R on X than Y. But Y > X in some regard. So E should spend more R on Y, since that would help her in that regard.
(B) follows this reasoning very closely. E = professional musician, R = hours practicing, X = guitar, Y = saxophone, “in some regard” being getting playing engagements.
(D) is also pretty close, but missteps in one major place. E is the local swim team, R is hours practicing, X is backstroke, Y is breaststroke. But what is “in some regard”? We can see that at first, it is “the teams lap times.” But then it changes to be “winning more swim meets.” There is a disconnect here that isn’t present in the original stimulus or in (B). And also, it’s unclear that lap times for breaststroke and backstroke can be compared in that way, since one stroke is naturally faster than the other, whereas one life lost to smoking or highway are comparable, and the one playing engagement is one playing engagement in terms of numbers, whether it’s saxophone or guitar.
Hope this helps! Feel free to ask any other questions that you might have.
