Thanks for the question! So the nice thing about this question is that it asks us about the usage of a specific word in a specific line, so we just have to go to that line. Now, it helps with these kinds of questions to read at least a few lines above and below the relevant line in the passage. And we can see that in the sentence before, we’re told about how polyarchy reinforces a diffusion of power away from any single center and toward a variety of individuals, groups, and organizations. Essentially, it decentralizes power and moves power to a bunch of different groups so no one entity has too much power. Now, knowing what a centrifuge is helps on this question. A centrifuge is something that spins really fast and takes advantage of centrifugal force, which (you may have learned from your physics lessons), is a force exerted away from the center of a circle (and so is, in that way, decentralizing). However, even if you didn’t know what centrifugal meant, you would still be able to figure out its usage here based on the sentence above, since we’re told that “it is this centrifugal characteristic,” which refers to the characteristic talked about in the previous sentence, the lack of centrality. And this is what (A) tells us—the usage of the word “centrifugal” emphasizes how decentralized political power is in the polyarchy.
Hope this helps! Feel free to ask any other questions that you might have.
AllisonJMay 30, 2020
Ya that helps, I just wasn't sure, if diffusion, was signaling something being decentralized or not. Thank you for the explanation.
