Sufficient & Necessary Questions - - Question 45

Two things are true of all immoral actions. First, if they are performed in public, they offend public sensibilities....

Dina July 7, 2020

About choice E

I know the question asks for must be false, but I am just curious as to why E isn't "must-be-true"?

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shunhe July 16, 2020

Hi @Dina,

Thanks for the question! So remember, let’s take a look at the diagram, which tells us

Immoral action & Performed in public —> Offend public sensibilities
Immoral action —> Accompanied by feelings of guilt

Now what does (E) tell us? Well, it tells us

Accompanied by feelings of guilt & Performed in Public —> Immoral action

Is this a “must be true”? Well, this is basically a mistaken reversal, and also has adds another premise which isn’t relevant. Could there be an action performed in public accompanied by feelings of guilt that isn’t immoral? Sure. And that’s because this follows the same principle as any

A —> B
B & C —> A

Where A —> B doesn’t mean that B & C —> A has to be true. And to see why this is so, we can plug in a more simple example. Consider the following:

If I’m hungry, I’ll eat a snack.
I ate a snack in public, so I was hungry.

Does the second statement follow from the first? No, there are other reasons I could have eaten a snack. I could have eaten a snack because I was bored or stressed, for example. And so the second statement doesn’t have to be true based on the first, and that’s the exact same logic at play in the original example. Some actions might be super weird, so you’d be accompanied by feelings of guilt if you performed them in public, but not immoral. So (E) is not a “must be true.”

Hope this helps! Feel free to ask any other questions that you might have.

Dina August 27, 2020

this question is not relatable to the lesson but I've been studying Lsat max for a while but i still haven't been able to answer the questions on the khan academy? this is a very frustrating matter?

Dina August 27, 2020

this is regarding sufficient and necessary section which becomes assumption in khan academy.