I'm not sure if there are great trigger words for correlation or causation, but I think that a better approach might be to make sure you really understand the concepts.
Correlation is just saying that two things have some sort of connection. This should have a statistical (or like in this case, observational) element- like noting that when pollution goes up, illness goes up, or noting that when the average hours of exercise fall obesity tends to rise. Correlation is a description of two or more things.
Causation is explicitly saying that one thing causes another. The last sentence in this question is a great example of causation that does not actually use the word "cause." Some other examples might be "pollution causes illness, or that less exercise causes obesity.
Note that it is very hard to prove causation, and that you cannot say x caused y just because they are correlated.
