Sufficient & Necessary Questions - - Question 3

Normal full-term babies are all born with certain instinctive reflexes that disappear by the age of two months. Becau...

HannahB November 6, 2022

Positive Argument

I watched the explanation video and I chose B since it has the correct the argument structure, but that answer is incorrect because it was labeled as a positive argument? There is no explanation as to what a positive argument is or how it is defined.

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Emil-Kunkin November 6, 2022

Hi,

I think by positive argument they mean that it is the opposite of a contrapositive. The initial argument is simply stating an If Then statement, and then tells us that since that conditional is true, the contrapositive is true.

B gives us a conditional, and then notes that since the sufficient is true, the necessary is true. I think that would be called a positive argument, as in its not using the contrapositive, but it is an odd way to put it. I think I would say it's not b since the original argument employed the contrapositive but B does not.

risisanz March 14, 2023

Hi,
I don't understand why NFTB would be used as the sufficient condition when in the lessons we were taught that "all" introduces a sufficient condition so wouldn't NFTB be the necessary condition? I would appreciate if you could clarify this for me. Thank you

Emil-Kunkin March 18, 2023

Hi,, good question. Here it depends on what the "all" is doing. The first statement means that all ntbfs have reflexes. The following two statements mean the same thing:

All babies are cute.
Babies are all cute.

The exact placement of the all is not what matters, what matters is which term it applies to.