The question is flawed because the speaker is saying due to the fact that extinction is a way of nature, the "more recent extinctions" that are attributed by some to "humanity's use of technology," is, therefore, incorrect because they would have become extinct regardless of technology. However, though extinction is a way of nature, the speaker never gives us evidence that the species that have more recently become extinct are becoming extinct because "its a way of nature" and it is the natural way of their extinction timeline, or if they are more recently becoming extinct because of human technology.
(A) is incorrect because the author does not assume this. At no point in the stimulus does the author assume that technology has not caused any harm to the environment. To the contrary, the speaker mentions that technology has "consequent effects on the environment."
(B) is incorrect because this is not a reasoning error being made by the author. Even if some species that are not yet extinct are in danger of extinction, it is not the error being made because this argument is about "more recent extinctions."
(C) is incorrect because it is irrelevant. It does not matter to the stimulus, and therefore it is not a reasoning error.
(D) is incorrect because, as with (C), it is irrelevant to the argument. Not mentioning the scientists who do not support the theory, while true, is not the error being made, which is the lack of evidence pointing to whether or not technology causes extinction in an untimely manner.
(E) is CORRECT because it reiterates the error being made. Though extinction is a way of life, those species that have more recently become extinct may not have become extinct so recently if it weren't for technology. The author's mistake falls in not specifying whether the recently extinct species are the same species that would have become extinct regardless of technology. This is important information to gauge the validity of his argument, and therefore, (E) is our answer.
Hope that helps! Let me know if you have any other questions!
