Using rational argument in advertisements does not persuade people to buy the products being advertised. Therefore, ...
BatmanJanuary 18, 2014
Need your help
Could you please show me how to draw logical structure of answer (e)?
"People never learn to program a computer by reading poorly written direction." In this sentence, I don't think there is some words introducing sufficient and necessary.
Thanks,
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First let's discuss what the flaw in the stimulus is. "Using rational argument in advertisements does not persuade people to buy products being advertised." Let's diagram:
If rational argument is being used in advertisements, then they have not persuaded people to buy products.
P1: RAUA ==> not PPBP PPBP ==> not RAUA
Therefore, advertisers who replace rational argument with non-rational appeals to emotion in advertisements will persuade people to buy the products being advertised.
C: not RAUA ==> PPBP not PPBP ==> RAUA
This is a false contrapositive. The stimulus has merely negated the first principle without reversing its conditions. Remember, don't just negate! You must always negate AND reverse.
Answer choice (E) has the same issue. Let's diagram the first statement: "People never learn to program a computer by reading poorly written directions." This has the same structure as a "No A is B" statement (diagram: A ==> not B). We know, then, if one has learned to program a computer, it was not by reading poorly written directions (because people never learn that way). Or stated another way, if one has read poorly written directions, then they have not learned to program a computer.
P1: RPWD ==> not LPC LPC ==> not RPWD
"Therefore, if people read well-written directions, they will learn to program a computer."
C: not RPWD ==> LPC not LPC ==> RPWD
As you can see, answer choice (E), like the stimulus, has only negated but not reversed as well.
Hope that was helpful! Please let us know if you have any more questions.
