The first example cited by the passage is the degradation of the ozone layer and the expected concurrent increases in spending on hats, sunglasses, and sunscreens which, in turn, contribute to the nation's total expenditures (lines 10 to 15).
The second example is the discussion of the rural community that is dependent on the timber industry as their primary livelihood. The economists' point of view is discussed in lines 21 to 29 and the critics' point of view is discussed in lines 30 to 44.
The author also ends the passage by comparing the economists' stance to "that of a literary critic who takes total sales to be the best measure of a book's value," providing one final analogy used to demonstrate the implications of adhering to the economists' definition of prosperity.
Hope this is helpful! Please let us know if you have any further questions.
