We're looking for the answer choice that gives us an example of one of the received attitudes that's mentioned in line 18. In looking at line 18, the author notes that Shostak's study corrects and qualifies a number of received attitudes that readers may have about "simple" societies (lines 17-19). The passage's author goes into more detail by making the argument that Michel Leiris' quote that "We are all too inclined to consider a people happy if considering them makes us happy" applies well to the !Kung because they have a seemingly uncomplicated way of life, enlightened attitudes toward child-rearing, and undeniable charm that make them prime candidates for Western appreciation (lines 19-25). The author brings all of this up to make the point that normal Western readers have ideas that seminomadic tribes like the !Kung live very simple and enjoyable lives. However, Shostak's work demonstrates that the !Kung has a number of big problems, pushing back on the received attitude mentioned in line 18.
(C) says, "People who live seminomadic lives have few serious problems."
(C) does a great job in showing the type of received attitude mentioned in line 18 that Shostak's book works to correct. (C) is the correct answer choice.
(B) says, "Considering the !Kung makes Western observers happy."
The problem with (B) is that it's far too specific to exemplify what the author meant in saying "received attitudes" in line 18. The received attitudes refers to Westerners perceptions of these societies being simple, but they don't refer to anything that is specific or unique to the !Kung people. While considering the !Kung may very well make Westerners happy, the received attitudes mentioned in line 18 refers to the preconceived perceptions that Westerners have about societies that are very similar to the !Kung that invoke feelings of happiness in the reader when thinking about that tribe. Thus, (B) is out.
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