Let's focus on the first paragraph. John Rawls is against utilitarianism, the goal of which is to achieve satisfaction for the greatest number of people. As the author says, "the theory has some odd consequences." This is where the author introduces the angry mob example. This is such a situation as referenced by answer choice A. The author would agree that, in this case, the needs of the innocent man overrule the wishes of the mob.
We have evidence that Rawls would also agree. See his complaint about utilitarianism on line 14.