Great question. Let's take a look at how we can get to (C).
The question asks, "If the time intervals between the earth’s magnetic field reversals fluctuate greatly, then, based on the passage, which one of the following is most likely to be true?"
This question is dealing with the correlation discussed in the passage between the striping pattern and the ages of the earth's magnetic field reversals (this is in the third paragraph of the passage). If the reversals happened at a fairly steady rate, then we'd be able to assume a pretty even distribution of magnetic stripes. Given that the question is asking us what'd probably be true if the intervals between the earth's magnetic field reversals varied widely, then we could definitely assume that the magnetic stripes would also vary greatly, some being far different from others. This is precisely what (C) gives us. The key is to know that this question is getting at that correlation discussed in the third paragraph. If you can see that, it makes this one much more manageable.
Hope this helps. Let us know if you have any other questions!