Two things are true of all immoral actions. First, if they are performed in public, they offend public sensibilities....
LeeLarueon August 31, 2021
Quantifiers? Or there is a more simple approach?
Stimulus: Two things are true of all immoral actions. First, if they are performed in public, they offend public sensibilities. Second, they are accompanied by feelings of guilt.
Q: If all of the statements above are true, then which one of the following must be false?
I wanted to see how would you diagram the Stimulus and the Answer Choices.
Also, in this 4 Incorrect answers "could be true" and the Correct answer "must be false," which would directly contradict the stimulus, right?
So, diagramming the stimulus:
IA & PP -> OPS
(1) IA -> FG or is it (2) FG -> IA?
Then can we combine if it is (1)?
IA & PP -> OPS & FG
A) Some immoral actions that are not performed in public are not accompanied by feelings of guilt.
~ PP -s- ~ FG
B) Immoral actions are wrong solely by virtue of being accompanied by feelings of guilt.
Since we do not have that info - it could be True so this is Incorrect.
C) Some actions that offend public sensibilities if they are performed in public are not accompanied by feelings of guilt.
This goes beyond the scope of the stimulus since it talks about "some actions" in general, so it Could be right? Therefore, C is incorrect?
D) Some actions that are accompanied by feelings of guilt are not immoral, even if they frequently offend public sensibilities.
Same here, it is talking about "some actions," so it goes beyond the info we are giver, therefore D is incorrect?
E) Every action performed in public that is accompanied by feelings of guilt is immoral.
Since "every" introduces the Sufficient: Action PP & FG -> I?
Can we make this deduction based on the stimulus? Or we just focused on "accompanied by feelings of guilt," and regardless if it is performed in Public or not, if it IS "accompanied by feelings of guilt" - it is immoral, so it is supported by the stimulus and therefore E is incorrect?
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If immoral then shame If immoral and in public then offend.
A tells us that we have immoral and not shame, violating the first condition.
I don't think we need to worry about formal logic too much here, or about quantifiers. In fact once we see A, we can prove it's incorrect just by virtue of the final premise, that any immoral action is accompanied by shame.